Improvement in self-raising flour



IINITED Qrrron.

EDWARD P. EASTWIQK, OF NEW YORK, N. 'Y., AND OBAZIO LUGO, OF JERSEYCITY, NEW JERSEY; SAID LUGO ASSIGNOR TO SAID EASTWIGK.

IMPROVEMENT IN SELF-=RAISING FLOUR.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 150,844, dated May 12,1874; application filed May 7, 1874.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, EDWARD P. Ensn WICK, of the city, county, and Stateof New York, and ORAZIO LUGO, a naturalized citizen of the UnitedStates, and now a resident of Jersey City, in the State of New Jersey,have jointly invented a certain Improvement in the Manufacture ofPrepared Flour of a Self-Raising Character, of which the following is aspecification:

This invention relates to a new and useful improvement in themanufacture of a prepared flour of a self -raising character,hereinafter more fully set forth and described.

The nature of our invention consists in the manufacture of a verysuperior and new and useful compound, to be used in connection with anykind of flour or am ylaceous matters intended for culinary purposes.

The said compound or mixture is composed of neutral and acid salts, insuch proportions and for the purpose hereinafter more fully specified.

In order to enable others to understand and apply our invention, we willproceed to describe the same.

The chemicals which may be used are the carbonates (acid or neutral) ofthe alkalies and alkaline earths, soda, potassa, ammonia, 1ime,"&c, andthe neutral or acid or double sulphates of alumina ,(alums) or any othersalts which'fby their decompositions, precipitate alumina, and by whichalums may be formed, and sulphates (of the carbonate used) and freecarbonic-acid gas are produced.

A mixture of two or more carbonates and a sulphate or other salt ofalumina can be used, and will give a similar reaction as when only onecarbonate is used.

We will, however, describe more particularly oneof the mixtures of thesalts, which, when mixed with water, and heat applied by their mutualdecomposition, develop a large quantity of carbonic-acid gas, such asthe normal sulphate of alumina and the acid carbonate of soda, in whichmixture the following formula illustrates the chemical reaction: Al O,3SO 18HO+3 (NaO,2OO HO) 9110,: 3(NaOSO 10HO)+Al O +6OO The aboveformula expresses the chemical equivalents requisite for the reaction;but in using such compounds it is often necessary to changetheproportions of the different salts in order to obtain certain desirableresults, to wit, either an alkaline, neutral, or acid reaction, as maybe desired.

I/Ve have made a good and well raised bread, also cakes, &c., with thefollowing amounts: One hundred and fifty parts of sul phate of alumina,eighty parts of bicarbonate of soda, one hundred parts of chloride ofsodium, one hundred parts of sugar, one hundred and seventy parts offlour-total, six hundred parts.

The above was well mixed and added to seven thousand and eighty parts offlour; but we do not confine ourselves to this proportion (7080) offlour. The same can be varied to suit the tastes and requirements ofthose using the same--a smaller quantity of flour used giving a lighterbread, and a larger quantity a closer or not so highly aerated a bread.

In mixing the salts, we proceed as follows: We mix separately the onehundred and fifty parts of sulphate of alumina with about onehalf of theone hundred and seventy parts of flour, and the eighty parts ofbicarbonate of soda with the other half. Then we mix the whole of thesix hundred parts together, and when properly incorporated add themixture to the seven thousand and eighty parts of flour, or thereabout.

The above may be used as a prepared flour of a selfraising character.

When we desire to make yeast-powders, to be used for culinary purposes,we take about one hundred and fifty parts of sulphate of alumina, andeighty parts of bicarbonate of soda; or we take about one hundred andfifty parts of sulphate of alumina, eighty parts of bicar bonate ofsoda, one hundred and twenty parts of chloride of sodium, one hundredparts of sugar, and one hundred parts of flour; or we takeabout sixhundred and forty parts of sulphate of alumina, four hundred and fortyparts of bicarbonate of soda, and four hundred and twenty parts offlour.

We do not claim as our invention prepared alumina and the carbonates ofthe alkalies, or with alkaline earths, either or both, with or withoutchloride of sodium or sugar, substantially and for the purposes Withindescribed.

EDWD. P. EASTWIGK. ORAZIO LUGO.

Witnesses Gus. FLEURY, GEO. S. EASTWIOK.

